Whether FLT3-ITD, NPM1, and CEBPA mutation statuses were associated with treatment outcomes in patients who had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and chemotherapy for AML was investigated in this retrospective study. Of 332 patients with AML in first complete remission (CR1), 85 had undergone allo-HCT. FLT3-ITD was present in 60 patients, NPM1 in 83, and CEBPA in 53. Among patients with FLT3-ITD, life expectancy (LE) and quality of life–adjusted LE (QALE) were longer in those who had undergone allo-HCT. Among patients with CEBPA, LE and QALE were improved among those treated with chemotherapy. NPM1 status was not associated with differences in LE or QALE in the allo-HCT group or chemotherapy group.
